目的 提高水轮机导叶抗泥沙磨损性能。方法 以某水电站的水轮机为研究对象,基于离散相模型和Oka磨损模型,提出水轮机全流道沙水流动及导叶磨损数值模拟方法。基于全流道模型及Oka磨损模型,研究不同导叶材料的抗磨性能。结果 Inconel-718在固定导叶和活动导叶的耐磨性能上均表现最优,其最大磨损率较ZG20Mn分别降低55.7%和39.5%,平均磨损率升高29.8%和30.7%,优于ZG06Cr13Ni4Mo（最大磨损率降低31.5%和26.9%,平均磨损率升高20.4%和22%）。在含沙量为6.2 kg/m3时,以磨损深度达到8 mm的时间为评价标准,Inconel-718的使用寿命为4 353.9 h,与ZG20Mn相比提高了72.7%,与ZG06Cr13Ni4Mo相比提高了27.1%。结论 本研究通过数值模拟的方法计算了水轮机导叶不同材料的磨损量及磨损寿命,为水电水利工程中导叶的磨损及材料选择提供了有效计算方法及参考依据。
Abstract
The work aims to improve the sediment wear resistance performance of hydro turbine guide vanes. A hydro turbine from a specific hydropower plant was taken as the research object. Based on the discrete phase model and the Oka erosion model, a numerical simulation method of sand-containing water flow and the wear of guide vanes in the full flow passage of the hydro turbine was proposed. Based on the full flow passage calculation results and the Oka erosion model, the wear prediction for different materials in the single flow passage guide vane basin was performed. The research results indicated that the Inconel-718 performed the best wear resistance in both fixed guide vanes and movable guide vanes. Its maximum wear rate was reduced by 55.7% and 39.5% respectively compared with ZG20Mn, the average wear rate increased by 29.8% and 30.7% respectively, which was superior to ZG06Cr13Ni4Mo (maximum wear rate reduced by 31.5% and 26.9%, average wear rate increased by 20.4% and 22%). When the sand content was 6.2 kg/m³ and the time for the wear depth to reach 8 mm was taken as the evaluation criterion, the service life of Inconel-718 was 4 353.9 hours, which was 72.7% higher than that of ZG20Mn and 27.1% higher than that of ZG06Cr13Ni4Mo. In this study, the wear amounts and wear lives of different materials of turbine guide vanes are calculated through numerical simulation methods, providing an effective calculation method and reference basis for the wear and material selection of guide vanes in hydropower and water conservancy projects.
关键词
混流式水轮机 /
导叶 /
泥沙磨损 /
数值模拟 /
Oka磨损模型 /
抗磨性能
Key words
mixed-flow turbine /
guide vane /
sediment erosion /
numerical simulation /
Oka erosion model /
wear resistance performance
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基金
材料腐蚀与防护四川省重点实验室开放基金（2023CL12）; 浙江省水利水电装备表面工程技术研究重点实验室开放基金（20240304）
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